The investigation and modeling of the St. Paul Capitol Approach is being enacted to determine — with both historical city maps and photographs — the consequences of assigning the monument’s front, and thus the measurable ramifications on the surrounding cityscape as a result. The methods used to examine potential bias involve using topography data from USGS, Sanborn fire maps of St. Paul, historic/redlining maps of St. Paul, and photos from the Minnesota Historical Society (MNHS) archives to piece together an accurate 3D model of the Capitol Approach.

Virtual Reality (VR) is seeing wide use in many facets of industry and education. The medical field in particular has made advancements in visualization technology thanks to VR. In conjunction with 3-D modeling, VR has allowed for anatomical structures to be rendered in an immersive 3-D virtual space which can make for a more interactive and effective teaching tool.

Much attention is given to life before death, but transition after death also has a significant impact. Modern methods of transition such as burial, entombment, cremation, and donation of the body all harbor as-of-yet unrecorded effects upon air pollution, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions. This project aims to quantify and assess the 244,866 transitions that occurred in Minnesota from 2013 to 2018, inclusive. We hypothesized a general increase in cremation, paralleling national trends.

Galaxies with very luminous super massive black holes at the center are known as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Sometimes, AGNs form jets. When those jets point directly at the observer, the emission is boosted and they are classified as a Blazar. Blazars are known to accelerate particles to very high energies along the axis pointing at the observer.

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important drivers of agricultural production. Close to 100 million tons of N are fixed industrially by the Haber Bosch process. An important alternative form of creating N that plants can use is biologically fixed nitrogen. White clover (Trifolium repens L.) does this very effectively. It forms a symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria called rhizobia. The rhizobia fix atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into a form that can be readily utilized by the plant.

Microglia are the main resident macrophages of central nervous system and play roles in immune activities, homeostasis, and development in adult brains. Many studies also indicate that aberrant functions of microglia can contribute to neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, how microglia regulate neurogenesis and neuronal migration in the embryonic brain remains unknown.

The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of social barriers between students and their teachers and peers in Social Science and STEM classrooms due to Hidden Identity facets. This study was created in hopes to increase the sense of community and comfort within classes for students by determining how identity factors into classroom interactions. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected from various social science classrooms via voluntary survey completion.

BACKGROUND: Previous literature suggests that comorbidity of anxiety in alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with treatment outcome. There is also evidence of overlapping neural dysregulations underlying both disorders. We hypothesized that among those with AUD, amygdala network alterations will be associated with (i) anxiety severity and (ii) length of abstinence. METHODS: We collected eyes-closed resting state fMRI data from 42 individuals with AUD (Age: M=43.14, SD=9.744; Gender: 16 females) recruited from an addiction treatment program at ~2 weeks of abstinence.

Monarch butterflies utilize melanin for a variety of functions, including in their immune systems to trap foreign objects, but also to create the black coloration in the veins and spots on their wings. These features are thought to play a structural role by producing stronger wings and may be used as signals during mate choice, yet little is known about how differences in their immune system affects the melanin and coloration of the monarch’s wings.

Classic fluorometrically-based kinetics assays have proved indispensable in the quest to elucidate the catalytic function of the human histidine nucleotide binding protein (hHINT1). As researchers continue to probe this enzyme’s role in vivo, like its involvement modulating how opioids function in the central nervous system, improving existing in vitro fluorometric assays of hHINT1 has become advantageous.