School bullying, in particular, peer bullying, has been extensively researched (Modecki, et al., 2014). However, adult bullying in schools has been neglected. Whitted and Dupper (2008) found that nearly twice as many students reported they experienced worse bullying from adults than peers. This discrepancy calls us to examine the prevalence and perception of teacher bullying behaviors in schools. In this study, teachers (N = 422, Mage = 47.49, SD = 13.33) responded to an online survey to express their perceptions about 26 different behavioral interactions with students (see Table 1).

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are sulfur-rich, specialized plant metabolites that underlie the chemical diversity and biotic stress responses found in the order Brassicales. Sulfur, an essential but limited plant nutrient, is a critical component in amino acids (cysteine; methionine) and stress related, specialized metabolites (glutathione; GSLs). Variation in sulfur availability (sulfur pools) for primary and specialized metabolism has pronounced effects on plant health and physiology.

Many Lepidoptera (butterflies and moth) have a sperm dimorphism in which males produce two distinct types of sperm; nucleated (eupyrene) which can fertilize a female’s eggs and annucleated (apyrene) sperm which cannot fertilize a female’s eggs. Most of the sperm transferred to the female during copulation is annucleated, calling into question their significance. My objective was to better understand sperm dimorphism by testing the hypothesis that apyrene and eupyrene sperm function in competition between sperm of different male monarchs.

Introduction: A consequence of modernization is that people have adopted diets for which they are poorly adapted. This has contributed to a rise in the prevalence of metabolic diseases including obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Prior research has shown that restricting dietary methionine results in increased energy expenditure that is accompanied by lower adiposity and liver fat accumulation. The mechanisms by which restricting dietary methionine elicits these beneficial metabolic outcomes remain unclear. Liver gluconeogenesis is an energy (ATP) consuming process.

Humans experience the world through their five sense organs, but the most fundamental sense organ that is the basis and beauty of all life experiences are the eyes. Blind people do not experience and see the world as other people do. As of now, the World Health Organization estimates that there are 285 million people who are visually impaired and amongst those 39 million are blind. Therefore, there is a need to develop devices to enhance their lives and to make them more independent.

In response to the constant formation of lesions that compromise the integrity of their DNA, cells employ numerous mechanisms designed to resolve these lesions. When these mechanisms fail, genomic integrity can break down and generate genetic abnormalities such as mutations, aneuploidy, incompletely replicated chromosomes, and accumulation of double-strand breaks (DSBs). One important factor in the pathway of DNA repair is the DNA2 nuclease/helicase.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen with the potential to cause severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. The genome of C. albicans is highly plastic and a wide variety of large genome changes occur. These genome changes include aneuploidy, segmental aneuploidy, polyploidy, and loss of heterozygosity. Specifically, copy number variation (CNV) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) are often observed in drug-resistant Candida albicans due to the amplification of genes associated with drug resistance.

Turtle road mortality is an increasing threat to turtle populations in North America, and around the world. In Minnesota specifically, more than 700 turtles were killed by vehicles among 30 sites over the past three years. Hennepin county in particular has an urban landscape with wetlands that are often bisected by roads. Previous research has shown that proximity of a road to water, vegetative coverage, traffic volume, and time of year all contribute to turtle road mortality.

Plants prepare themselves for stress by altering chromatin structures via a phenomenon called defense priming. Priming can be achieved through factors called priming agents, which are abiotic or biotic non-stressors, such as minerals, vitamins, or symbiotic microbes. One known plant symbiote, Methylorubrum extorquens, dominates colonization of plant leaves to metabolize methanol while offering some protection from harmful bacteria. Riboflavin has been documented as a powerful priming agent against biotic stress.

Wild rice, or Manoomin in the Ojibwe language, is a significant natural and cultural resource for the Indigenous people of the Upper Great Lakes region. Many cultural practices reliant on Manoomin have been jeopardized as a result of declining Manoomin abundance within the region. A multitude of environmental factors, including water level and discharge rate in lakes and streams where Manoomin grows, are relevant to the species’ health.